The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle



"The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle" is one of 56 short Sherlock Holmes stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, the seventh story of twelve in the collection The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. It was first published in Strand Magazine in January 1892.

Plot summary
As London prepares for Christmas, newspapers report the theft of the near-priceless gemstone, the "Blue Carbuncle", from the hotel suite of the Countess of Morcar. John Horner, a plumber and a previously convicted felon, is soon arrested for the theft. Despite Horner's claims of innocence, the police are sure that they have their man. Horner's record, and his presence in the Countess's room where he was repairing a fireplace, are all the police need.

Just after Christmas, Watson pays a visit to Holmes at 221B Baker Street. He finds the detective contemplating a battered old hat brought to him by the commissionaire, Peterson. Both the hat and a Christmas goose had been dropped by a man in a scuffle with some street ruffians. The honest Peterson had sought Holmes's help in returning the items to their owner but although the goose bears a tag with the owner's name—Henry Baker—based on the number of people with this name in London there is little hope of finding the man. Peterson takes the goose home for dinner, and Holmes keeps the hat to study as an intellectual exercise.

Peterson returns excited, carrying the Blue Carbuncle, saying that he found the gem in the goose's crop (the fact that geese do not have a crop has been regarded as Arthur Conan Doyle's greatest blunder). Realizing that the identity of Henry Baker is now part of a larger mystery, Holmes makes a concerted effort to identify him. Based on his observations of the hat and its condition, Holmes deduces Baker's age, social standing, intellect and domestic status, but cannot determine whether Baker knew that he was carrying the priceless gem. When Baker appears in response to advertisements that Holmes had placed in London newspapers, Holmes's deductions prove correct. Holmes gives Baker a new goose. Happily accepting the replacement bird, Baker declines to take away his original bird's entrails, thus convincing Holmes that he knew nothing about the gem. He does, however, provide the valuable information that he had purchased the goose at the Alpha Inn, a pub near his place of employment, the British Museum.

Holmes and Watson set out across the city to determine how the jewel travelled from the Countess of Morcar's hotel room to the goose's crop. The proprietor of the Alpha Inn informs them that the goose was purchased from a dealer in Covent Garden. There, a merchant named Breckinridge gets angry with Holmes and refuses to help. He complains of the pestering he has endured about geese sold recently to the landlord of the Alpha Inn. Holmes, realizing that he is not the only one aware of the gem's connection to the goose, tricks an irate Breckinridge into revealing that the bird was supplied by a Mrs Oakshott, a poultry and egg seller in Brixton.

A trip to Brixton proves unnecessary when Breckinridge's other "pesterer" appears (a cringing little man named James Ryder, head attendant at the hotel where the carbuncle was stolen), again pressuring Breckinridge to tell him the whereabouts of the Oakshott geese. Holmes and Watson invite Ryder back to Baker Street, telling Ryder that they know he is looking for a goose with a black bar on its tail.

Holmes tells Ryder that the goose "laid an egg after it was dead", terrifying Ryder who believes that Holmes will turn him over to the police. Pressured by Holmes, Ryder says that he and his accomplice Catherine Cusack, the Countess's maid, contrived to frame Horner, knowing that Horner's criminal past would make him an easy scapegoat. But he was plagued by fears of arrest after stealing the stone. During a visit to his sister—Mrs. Oakshott—Ryder hit on the idea of hiding the jewel by feeding it to one of the geese being bred by his sister, one of which had been promised to him as a gift. Unfortunately, Ryder dropped his goose and then confused it with another, taking away the wrong bird. By the time he realised his mistake, the other geese had already been sold. Ryder tried to follow the trail but got no further than Breckinridge.

Holmes does not have Ryder arrested. He concludes that arresting the anguished man will only make him into a more hardened criminal. Ryder flees to the continent, and Horner can expect to be freed as the case against him will collapse without Ryder's perjured testimony.

Adaptations
An American radio adaptation was aired in 1943, with Basil Rathbone as Holmes and Nigel Bruce as Watson.

There have been four BBC Radio dramatizations:
 * 1954, with Sir John Gielgud as Holmes and Sir Ralph Richardson as Watson.


 * 29 December 1961, with Carleton Hobbs as Holmes and Norman Shelley as Watson.


 * 23 July 1978, adapted by Bill Morrison, with Barry Foster as Holmes and David Buck as Watson. One of 13 Holmes stories adapted for BBC Radio 4.


 * 2 January 1991, adapted by Bert Coules with Clive Merrison as Holmes and Michael Williams as Watson, and featuring Peter Blythe as James Ryder, Ben Onwukwe as John Horner, and Christopher Good as Peterson.

Peter Cushing portrayed Sherlock Holmes in the 1968 BBC series. "The Adventure of Blue Carbuncle" is one of only six surviving episodes.

Algimantas Masiulis as Sherlock Holmes in the same film adaptation by Belarusfilm (1979).

In 1984 the story was the subject of an episode of the Granada TV version directed by David Carson and starring Jeremy Brett.

The animated television series Sherlock Holmes in the 22nd Century featured an adaptation of the story, replacing the goose with a blue stuffed toy called "Carbuncle" and the stone with a microprocessor.